TYPES OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (DEAFNESS, BLINDNESS, AUTISM, ADHD, AND SPECIFIC LEARNING DISABILITIES)

Abstract

Children with special needs (ABK) are children who grow and develop differently than other children in general. Children with special needs require special care due to developmental disorders and abnormalities. Children with special needs experience differences in several areas, such as abnormalities or deviations in their growth and development, whether physical, mental, intellectual, social, or emotional. The term "children with special needs" does not refer to children with disabilities, but rather to the specialized services required by these children. There are various categories within the scope of children with special needs. In the context of special education in Indonesia, children with special needs are categorized as blind, deaf, mute, autism, ADHD, and children with specific learning difficulties. Each child with special needs has unique characteristics. Furthermore, each child with special needs also requires specialized services tailored to their abilities and characteristics. It is crucial to carry out identification and assessment activities to identify their characteristics and needs. This is considered crucial to obtaining appropriate services according to their characteristics, needs, and abilities.